Wednesday, December 25, 2019

The Honest to Goodness Truth on Cultural Critique Essay Topics

The Honest to Goodness Truth on Cultural Critique Essay Topics What You Don't Know About Cultural Critique Essay Topics When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the most significant point to do is to select a topic and an argument which you can really get behind. This sentence can form the start of your cultural identity essay. Additionally, it is dependent on the special college subject. EssayTopicGenerator is a web site which will be of a wonderful support to those seeking for creative essay topics. Prepare your geography research paper step-by-step, and brilliant results are ensured! After you finish introducing a particular topic, close the introduction with a superb thesis statement. The website is not difficult to navigate and it takes not more than a moment to create the essays for your demands. Descriptive essays are known as essays that paint an image with the usage of colorful words. Deciding on your topic isn't that easy. When selecting a topic for an important essay make sure you take a topic it is possible to deal with. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's important to at all times be critically considering the world around us. This sort of paper could also inspect the simple fact that every generation doesn't seem to know the next. Your environmental paper might have an empirical or theoretical strategy, together with qualitative or quantitative one. Change them depending on your requirements. An introduction is an important part of your bit of writing. Be conscious of the size it must be and begin writing the narrative essay outline. A study in glaciology may look to examine polar ice sheets, for instance, dependent on the satellite data in addition to current information supplied by geographic databases. There is a vast number of evaluation essay examples that are especially created for specific purposes. The great thing is that there's lots of literature on the epic already in place. When you're attempting to begin your research paper you want to get a very good outline and form some critical suggestions for research topics. One of the greatest methods to find out how to create critical thinking is to maintain an open mind. The very first thing which you should do in the practice of figuring out how to compose a book critique is to think about the type of book that you're working on. Facts, ultimately, will always win out against how folks are feeling at a specific moment. Write about the very first time you remember meeting someone from a culture aside from your own. Some men and women live their lives based on their religion while some don't think you should factor that into decision making in regards to determining rules for everybody. You might also need to appear at a number of the videos on YouTube where homeless men and women describe their lives. This topic implies discussing the part of the country in the formation of a nation's history, and the part of the increased idea (in this instance, religious) in forcing the nation to take a particular direction. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on various views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. The student may also narrate regarding their failures throughout life and the way they got around them. Cultural sensitivity is the consequence of the acquisition of understanding of your very own cultural identity and that of others. Therefore, you can go over the Great Depression and the way that it predisposed the additional evolution of American history in conditions of economic, social and labor factors. To begin with, select the subject for investigation. After that, write about the effect of those changes. A Secret Weapon for Cultural Critique Essay Topics It is really rather simple to compose an essay on culture since it can be about your own culture. The culture offers solution to the important problem that's faced to community. Unique cultures define family in various ways. They have different type of buildings. If you don't understand how to do this, read the culture essay example. It isn't a secret that films reflect culture of distinct nations. If you really need to narrow your subject, you might write about a particular individual, like a musical artist who focuses on society or culture. Geography is among the biggest reasons people have interesting and distinct cultures. Language is the main cause of culture. It is one of the most important forms of material culture, without language there is no concept of culture.

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Comparing The Flea By John Donne And To His Coy Mistress

Love Me, Love Me Not The two poetics from whom have created pieces of literature in the past such as â€Å"The Flea† by John Donne and â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† by Andrew Marvell, whom were highly educated poets in the 17th century, in which their writing styles were pieces of unique abstract, theoretical forms, and one particular famous style called metaphysical conceit to which â€Å"John is known as the founder of the HYPERLINK https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/text/brief-guide-metaphysical-poets Metaphysical Poets, a term created by Samuel Johnson, an eighteenth-century English essayist, poet, and philosopher†(JOHN). In both poems â€Å"The Flea† by John Donne and â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† by Andrew Marvell is that they both used imagery to underline the†¦show more content†¦The words in the poem that surround what will happen if they don’t have sex are that she will be eaten by the worms and they will ultimately try to take her â€Å"virginityâ₠¬  while he holds the idea of her remaining a virgin forever in disdain, but on the other hand there will be repercussions for him as well, in the sense that all his sexual fantasies, desires, and wants will burn up, â€Å"And into ashes my lust† (Line 30). In the poem â€Å"The Flea† by John Donne has powerful imagery in it as well, such as the blood representing life experiences in and of itself, but in the story when it says â€Å"It sucked me first, and now sucks thee, /And in this flea our two bloods mingled be;† is basically telling us that a flea had bitten and drawn blood from the male and female and that these two bloods have intermingled, so in the speakers convincing argument to the woman was that their bloods are intermingled, thus persuading the woman that they are as one now as the poem states â€Å"This flea is you and I, and this/Our marriage bed†(Lines12-13) and should become sexually involved with each other since they are â€Å"marrie d† within the flea. Therefore, the two poems contain vivid sexually charged imagery. In the poem â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† by AndrewShow MoreRelatedMetaphysical Poems792 Words   |  4 PagesMetaphysical Poets John Donne and Andrew Marvell were considered metaphysical poets based on their use of conceit and wit in depicting similar situations through different metaphors. They would use original analogies to create fitting and insightful comparisons, usually to persuade. John Donne and Andrew Marvell have been called metaphysical poets. This is a,† name given to a group of English lyric poets of the 17th century† (Metaphysical poets)† The term metaphysical poets came to be used almostRead MoreThe Flea By John Donne And His Coy Mistress By Andrew Marvell1059 Words   |  5 Pagespoets like John Donne and Andrew Marvell who participated in a type of poetry referred to as metaphysical. Metaphysical poetry essentially is poetry that deals with things that are more philosophical than anything else. This type of poetry also is very emotion based but also has logically aspects. These poets have written several bodies of work that can fall under the metaphysical umbrella. Two examples of metaphysical poems written by these two poets are The Flea and To His Coy Mistress. Being metaphysicalRead More The Poetry of Andrew Marvell and John Donne Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesThe Poetry of Andrew Marvell and John Donne The seventeenth century was an era of beautiful poetry. Two poets in particular, Andrew Marvell and John Donne, wrote carpe diem poetry full of vivid imagery and metaphysical conceits. Each conveyed the message of living for the now. This message can be clearly seen in the poems To his Coy Mistress by Marvell and Donne’s Flea. By using clever metaphors and meter, the poems not only are symbolic, but have almost a physical aspect to them. ThoughRead MoreComparison of how The Flea and To His Coy Mistress Present and Develop the Poets Arguments2031 Words   |  9 PagesThe Flea and To His Coy Mistress are two poems written by poets living during the Renaissance Period. To His Coy Mistress was written by Andrew Marvell and The Flea was written by John Donne. Both of these poets were well-educated metaphysical poets, and these poems illustrate metaphysical concerns, highly abstract and theoretical ideas, that the poets would have been interested in. Both poems are based around the same idea of trying to reason with a mistress as to why they should give up theirRead MoreCharacteristics of Metaphysical Poetry876 Words   |  4 Pagesthe formal structure (of rhyme, metre and stanza) is the underlying (and often hardly less formal) structure of the poem s argument. Note that there may be two (or more) kinds of argument in a poem. In To His Coy Mistress the explicit argument (Marvell s request that the coy lady yield to his passion) is a stalking horse for the more serious argument about the transitoriness of pleasure. The outward levity conceals (barely) a deep seriousness of intent. You would be able to show how this theme ofRead More Love in The Flea and To his Coy Mistress Essay2087 Words   |  9 PagesLove in The Flea and To his Coy Mistress Compare the ways John Donne in his poem The Flea and Andrew Marvell in his poem To his Coy Mistress present the theme of love. Donne and Marvell’s poems have both similarities and differences, as they both present the theme of love in an unconventional way and dwell on it superficially. This can be seen by the way in which both authors show their views on love, though are clearly just using them as attempts to seduce their mistresses, who are clearlyRead More Love in To His Coy Mistress, Shall I Compare Thee, Let Me Not, and The Flea3166 Words   |  13 Pagesin To His Coy Mistress, Shall I Compare Thee, Let Me Not, and The Flea The four poems I am going to be comparing are, â€Å"To His Coy Mistress,† â€Å"Shall I Compare Thee,† â€Å"Let Me Not,† and â€Å"The Flea.† All four of these poems are based on the subject matter of love. The four poems have a lot in common but each poem touches a different aspect of love. Two of the poems, â€Å"Shall I Compare Thee†, and â€Å"Let Me Not†, are sonnets and both were written by Shakespeare. â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† is writtenRead More Persuasive Techniques Used in Poetry Essay2193 Words   |  9 Pagesin a way to signify the fast approach of the virgins death. He uses the phrase â€Å"smiles today†, to tell us that beauty goes quickly and it will soon ware out so you must use your time while you have your beauty. Herrick uses phrases such as â€Å"his race be run† and â€Å"Nearer he’s to setting†. These are also to express the running out of time with speed. In the first stanza, the first two lines have a positive disposition and in the third and fourth lines the form changes to a negativeRead More The Flea by John Donne and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell6621 Words   |  27 PagesThe Flea by John Donne and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell The Flea by John Donne is written in the 17th century as is To his coy mistress by Andrew Marvell. This we can see by the language used which was typical of that period in time apt to kill me and yea which are taken from the flea. Both poems also speak of virginity being very important, especially before marriage because if a woman had lost her maidenhead before, the husband would have the right to leave her withoutRead MoreMetaphysical Poetry By John Donne1590 Words   |  7 Pageswho wrote his book which is known as ‘’Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets’’, Henry Vaughan, Andrew Marvel, Richard Crashaw, George Herbert and finally who was the main founder, John Donne. John Donne (1572 - 1631), the founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry, lived and wrote during the succeeding reigns of Elizabeth I, James 1 and Charles I. His early life was passed in dissipation and roguery, much occupied with secret love-making, elopement, imprisonment, and lawsuit over his marriage

Monday, December 9, 2019

Applied Business Research Stakeholder Theory

Question: Discuss about theApplied Business Researchfor Stakeholder Theory. Answer: Part One Stakeholder Theory: A stakeholder is an individual or a group of individuals, who possess specific interests in an organisation and these individuals could influence or be influenced by the business (Zanjirchi and Moradi 2012). There are different types of stakeholders associated with the business organisations, which comprise of both internal and external stakeholders (Strand and Freeman 2015). The internal stakeholders are the employees, managers and owners of the business, while the external stakeholders of the business are mainly the suppliers, the shareholders, the government bodies, creditors, financers and communities. There is a great impact of all these stakeholders in the business (Bridoux and Stoelhorst 2014). From the conventional viewpoint of an organisation, increasing the value of the shareholders is of prime importance. Therefore, the organisations develop obligatory fiduciary duties to place their requirements in the first place. In opposition to this, the stakeholder theory points out that the needs of the other stakeholders are significant for an organisation to manage the business activities and operations effectively. In fact, the competitors are often treated as the stakeholders of an organisation and their status is determined based on their capacities to influence the company and its associated stakeholders. The sustainability related conditions at the suppliers affect the buyers economic performance. The effect of the SRC in the economic performance has been studied using a regression equation. The SRC has been taken as independent variable and the economic benefits are taken as dependent variables. The prices of the products, buyer vulnerability, spillover benefits and others also influence the buyers economic policies along with the SRC at the suppliers (Busse 2015). Suppliers SRC by four mediating effects influence the buyers performance. The effect of SRC through purchasing cost is negative while the effect of SRC through risk costs of the supply chain, benefits from collaboration and benefits from stemming excess of the self-promotion of a supplier. The Stakeholder theory has been implemented on the part of the managers to address higher-level ethical issues in the business. The implementation of the ethical standards by the managers has helped in improving the business conditions. The ethical considerations are less efficient in making a value judgment and are more about creating a conversation between the stakeholders and the organization (Edward Freeman et al. 2012). The annual profit of the organization for the previous year has been estimated to be 1203 for each employee. The average income of the sector is 1228 for each employee. The value has a standard deviation of 104 for each employee. Therefore, it has to be tested whether the average income is equal to 1228 or not. The null hypothesis of the test is H0: The mean value of profit per employees is equal to 1228 and the alternative hypothesis is H1: The mean value of the profit per employees is greater than 1228. A t-test could be conducted assuming the income to be normally distributed. The null hypothesis of the test is H0: = 1228 and the alternative hypothesis is H1: 1228. The p-value of the test is 0.405, which is greater than the given level of significance = 0.05. This implies null hypothesis of the test is accepted. The average value of the profit per employees equals to 1228. The probability that the mean value of the profit of each employee is equal to 1203 is given by: P[ X 1203] = P[ Z (1203 1203)/104] (Since the mean value of profit per employee is equal to 1203 and the standard deviation value are 104) P [Z 0] = 0.5. (Since Z follows a standard normal distribution (Tong 2012). Therefore, the required probability is 0.05. The p-value of the test so computed is entirely based on the estimated mean value from the sample. The change in mean value of the sample will change the mean value of the population as well. If the p-value computed from the sample is equal to 0.0302 and the significance level is equal to 0.01, then also the null hypothesis will be rejected as p-value is less than the given level of significance level. When the null hypothesis is rejected when the null hypothesis that is H0 is actually true, then this is the Type I error. The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is known as probability of committing Type I error. The annual profit from each employee has been calculated to be 1228. The test results suggest that the null hypothesis of the test has been accepted. This means that the average annual profit per employee could be assumed 1203 based on the results of the test. Although there is a slight difference in the estimated value from the sample and the actual value from the population, the probability that the sample value is different from population value is very small. Therefore, it could be assumed that the profit per employee is 1203. Part Two: The article illustrates the ways of making decisions in the supply chain (Wu and Pagell 2011). The economic as well as the environmental issues affect the supply chain. The environmental issues are the proper management of the environmental resources in order to maintain the environmental sustainability. There is dependence between the environmental challenges and the economic issues. The environmental issues such as changes in the environment often affect the economic problems such as the price changes. Most of the firm oversees these issues and go on exploiting the environment. The loss of the companies due to this exploitation of the firms is not visible in the short term, but it affects in the long-term production and business activities. The people or organizations that affect the business or are affected by firm are referred to as the stakeholders. The environmental concerns involve some third party stakeholders like the NGOs, who were not involved in the business earlier. The involvement of these organizations and the concern about environmental pollution may increase the cost initially, but will decrease the cost in the long-run. The objective of the research is to understand how the companies can make decision in the supply chain by considering the environmental issues. The environmental issues have always been a part of the business. The business need to operate its activities in such a way to maintain the environmental sustainability. The incorporation of environmental concern in supply chain is referred to as the green supply chain. There always exist a positive association between the quality management and the environmental issues. The environmental concerns offer both benefits as well as challenges to the organizations. The organizations have to bear some extra costs to manage environment related issues. In order to reduce carbon emission, the companies have introduced carbon less products that would lead to a clean and green environment. The use of these products by the companies may incur a little more cost, but these will benefit the company in the future. However, this is also true that not all the stakeholders of the business firm can be satisfied at the same time. The environmental concerns always involve a huge amount of costs. The exis ting studies have revealed that the managers of the companies have claimed to manage this environment related issues in the supply chain. However, the way of satisfying all the stakeholders in the supply chain is not yet understood. The research methodology involves the methods of accumulating pertinent information for the particular study, which could be both primary and secondary in nature. The secondary data has been collected from the case studies. This constitutes the qualitative research part of the study. However, this is not sufficient to arrive at meaningful inferences of the research. The research also involves some quantitative research, which comprises of collection of primary data. The primary data can be collected with the help of research questionnaire, interview, direct observation and other methods. The direct interview method has been applied in this case to suit the purpose of the research. The interview been conducted among the managers of the company and the range of each interview varies from 60 to 80 minutes. However, some interviews have lasted more than 120 minutes as well. The data collected from the interviews has been evaluated cortically to arrive at the research outcome. The researc her has followed deductive approach, since the existing theories and models have been used to carry out the research work. The data has been collected by interviewing the managers of eight such environmental firms. The managers of these eight firms are unable to point out how they are managing with the cost and the economic benefits in the short-term results. The managers have stated that it is like a new challenge to them to earn more profit in the supply chain even after considering the environmental issues. The workers of the company should be given proper training about the environmental hazards that could arise if the environment related issues are not addressed during the production process. The supply chain management suffers a bit in the short run due to the awareness of the workers of the firms. However, the environmental issues are managed properly in the supply chain. In these cases, the productivity is also not hampered due to the awareness of the workers. The sampling method used for data collection is stratified sampling. The different forms of the companies like the food and beverage compa nies, wood and forestry companies, IT and hardware companies are taken as the strata. The organizations also adopt various environmental initiatives to distinguish themselves in the supply chain. This makes the companies distinct from other companies and people become more interested to buy their products. Thus by taking environmental concerns in the supply chain, the company could also attract more customers to buy their products. The use of Cleaning Products for the environmental issues involves other stakeholders like the NGOs and others into the supply chain. This in turn helps in the growth of some organizations. The environmental concern and supply chain runs side by side, as it is pointed out in the given article. The business model of the company needs to be understood in order to understand the ways by which the company is making profit from sustainability. The article suggests that the organizational and technical challenges of the company need to be studied for understanding the ways by which the company is managing environmental issues. The article states that the results obtained from the case studies does not focuses on a single point of view and different companies have different strategies for environmental issues. Therefore, it is advisable to review the business performance and environmental performance because of sustainability practices to make decision about managing environmental issues in the supply chain. A few more research needs to be done in this matter regarding the role of the managers in the sustainable issues in supply chain. References: Bridoux, F. and Stoelhorst, J.W., 2014. Microfoundations for stakeholder theory: Managing stakeholders with heterogeneous motives. Strategic Management Journal, 35(1), pp.107-125. Busse, C., 2015. Doing Well by Doing Good? The Self?interest of Buying Firms and Sustainable Supply Chain Management.Journal of Supply Chain Management. Chen, H.T. and Turner, N.C., 2012. Formal Theory Versus Stakeholder Theory New Insights From a Tobacco-Focused Prevention Program Evaluation.American Journal of Evaluation,33(3), pp.395-413. Edward Freeman, R., Rusconi, G., Signori, S. and Strudler, A., 2012. Stakeholder theory (ies): Ethical ideas and managerial action.Journal of business ethics, pp.1-2. Strand, R. and Freeman, R.E., 2015. Scandinavian cooperative advantage: The theory and practice of stakeholder engagement in Scandinavia. Journal of business ethics, 127(1), pp.65-85. Tong, Y.L., 2012. The multivariate normal distribution. Springer Science Business Media. Wu, Z. and Pagell, M., 2011. Balancing priorities: Decision-making in sustainable supply chain management. Journal of Operations Management, 29(6), pp.577-590. Zanjirchi, S.M. and Moradi, M., 2012. Construction project success analysis from stakeholders' theory perspective. African Journal of Business Management, 6(15), p.5218.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Strategic Planning in an Organization

Strategic planning entails laying out the procedures that employees should follow to achieve the goals of an organization. All the departments within an organization are required to apply the stipulated procedures. However, the following are the various factors that affect strategic planning: (1) leadership; (2) organizational culture; (3) size of the organization; (4) expertise of the planners; and (5) environment. This paper will highlight the impact of these factors on strategic planning and explain how the responsibilities are shared.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning in an Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Bryson (2011), every organization has its own unique strategic plan and that is why there are several options to choose. First, a strategic plan can be drafted according to the ambitions of the organization. In this model of planning, ambitions are identified and a llocated a specific period within which they must be accomplished. In order to beat the deadline the tasks are allocated to different persons depending on their skills. The second model tackles issues that are facing the organization. The issues here can be challenges or crises. In this model, the organization prepares to tackle any forth-coming challenge that might interfere with its operations. Strategic planning is an inclusive task because all organs of the organization carry it out. The leaders are the ones who have the mandate of initiating strategic planning. This is because they are expected to have a clear vision of the future. The employees are important because they are the ones who implement the plan. Sometimes strategic planning can be induced by suggestions made by employees during formal meetings. However, this is common in issue-based strategic planning. The leadership of the organization can have either a positive or a negative impact on strategic planning depending on its stand. Additionally, the leadership of the organization is under obligation to come up with a realistic plan and then avail the resources that are needed to implement the plan. Similarly, the same organ should support the other members of the organization to prepare for the implementation process. This team is also setting the standards that are to be observed during the execution period. Before the leaders draft a plan, they must analyze the organization by evaluating its strengths and weaknesses. This is because the plan may fail to bring the desired results if the organization does not have the necessary strengths.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The leaders should consider the size of the organization because some models are best suited for large organizations and thus, they may not work in a relatively small organization. Besides, understanding the size of the o rganization will help in estimating the resources that will be required. It is also important to consider the environment of the organization. The environment could be an obstacle to the implementation process and hence the organization must adjust itself to the changes of the environment. Heizer and Render (2011) reckon that the details of the strategic plan should be communicated to the employees. This is because the plan might require some changes in its operations. When employees understand the necessity of change there will be a smooth transition period as opposed to when they are not aware of the underlying plot. The tasks of implementing the plan should be assigned according to one’s expertise and this is where the changes in operations may come in. However, team members should be encouraged to embrace the changes that come with strategic planning because it enhances the performance of an organization. This is because the organization is able to overcome any challenges that may come its way. In conclusion, an organization’s strategic plan depends on the expertise of the people who draft it. This is because they may overlook the most important aspects and in the end, the plan may not work. An organization must prepare for the execution of the plan by availing all the required resources such as the training materials. Moreover, the leaders should oversee the implementation process so that they can identify any setbacks and work on them within the shortest time as possible. References Bryson, M.J. (2011). Strategic Planning For Public And Nonprofit Organizations: A Guide To Strengthening And Sustaining Organizational Achievement (4th ed.). San Francisco: John Wiley Sons. Heizer, J. Render, B. (2011). Operations Management (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Prentice-Hall. This essay on Strategic Planning in an Organization was written and submitted by user Averie W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

5 Examples of the Need for Multiple Hyphenation

5 Examples of the Need for Multiple Hyphenation 5 Examples of the Need for Multiple Hyphenation 5 Examples of the Need for Multiple Hyphenation By Mark Nichol Complex and compound phrasal adjectives, in which more than two words unite to modify a noun that follows the phrase, pose a challenge for many writers. How many hyphens are required, and where do they go? These examples demonstrate the proper application of hyphens in such cases. 1. â€Å"He broke the 21-year old world record at the tournament.† Hyphenation errors frequently occur in references to age or duration. In this case, the reference seems to be to an old record of a 21-year nature, but it can mean only that a record that has stood for 21 years has been broken. The record is 21 years old, so those three terms should be hyphenated together: â€Å"He broke the 21-year-old world record at the tournament.† (Or, if the number is spelled out, â€Å"He broke the twenty-one-year-old world record at the tournament.†) 2. â€Å"The project exemplifies his wheeling and dealing ways.† The ways described involve wheeling and dealing. Because the two verbs are often used in tandem as an idiom referring to underhanded negotiations, they and the intervening conjunction should all be linked: â€Å"The project exemplifies his wheeling-and-dealing ways.† 3. â€Å"They’re taking a wait and see approach.† As with â€Å"wheeling and dealing,† â€Å"wait and see† is an idiom; it means that observers will refrain from interference or deliberation until a catalyzing event occurs. All the words in the phrase should be hyphenated together: â€Å"They’re taking a wait-and-see approach.† 4. â€Å"He sustained non-life threatening injuries in the accident.† As styled, the central phrase seems to refer to threatening injuries not associated with life. But the reference applies to injuries that are not threatening to life. Although non would normally be attached directly to a root word (for example, in nonprofit), in this case, because it is associated with the entire phrase â€Å"life-threatening injuries,† it is correctly attached to life with a hyphen. But life-threatening is a stock phrasal adjective, and a hyphen should connect those two terms here as well: â€Å"He sustained non-life-threatening injuries in the accident.† 5. â€Å"The soldiers were injured in a rocket-propelled grenade attack.† This sentence implies that the soldiers were injured in a grenade attack that was rocket propelled meaning that enemy troops themselves were propelled by rockets as they threw grenades. But the weapons were rocket-propelled grenades. Because this phrase modifies attack, grenade is attached to rocket-propelled: â€Å"The soldiers were injured in a rocket-propelled-grenade attack.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Rules for Writing Numbers and NumeralsAcronym vs. InitialismRunning Errands and Doing Chores

Saturday, November 23, 2019

10 Extremely Common and Critical Themes in Literature

10 Extremely Common and Critical Themes in Literature When we refer to the theme of a book, we are talking about  a universal idea, lesson,  or message that stretches through the entire story. Every book has a theme and we often see the same theme in many books. Its also common for a book to have many themes. A theme may show up in a pattern such as reoccurring examples of beauty in simplicity. A theme may come also through as the result of a buildup like the gradual realization that war is tragic  and not noble. It is often a lesson that we learn about life or people. We can better understand book themes when we think about the stories we know from childhood. In The Three Little Pigs, for example, we learn that its not wise to cut corners (by building a straw house). How Can You Find a Theme in Books? Finding the theme of a book can be difficult for some students because the theme is something you determine on your own. It is not something you find stated in plain words. The theme is a message that you take away from the book and it is defined by  the symbols or a motif that keeps appearing and reappearing throughout the work. To determine the theme of a book, you should select a word that expresses the subject of your book. Try  to expand that word into a message  about life.   10 of the Most Common Book Themes While there are countless themes found in books, there are a few that we can see in many books. These universal themes are popular among authors and readers alike because they are experiences we can relate to. To give you some ideas on finding a books theme, lets explore some of the most popular and discover examples of those themes in well-known books. Remember, however, that the messages in any piece of literature can go much deeper than this, but it will at least give you a good starting point. Judgment - Possibly one of the most common themes is judgment. In these books, a character is judged for being different or doing wrong, whether the infraction is real or just perceived as wrongdoing by others. Among classic novels, we can see this in The Scarlet Letter, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, and To Kill a Mockingbird. As these tales prove, the judgment does not always equal justice, either.Survival - There is something captivating about a good survival story, one in which the main characters must overcome countless odds just to live another day. Almost any book by Jack London falls into this category because his characters often battle nature. Lord of the Flies is another in which life and death are important parts of the story. Michael Crichtons Congo and Jurassic Park certainly follow this theme.Peace and War - The contradiction between peace and war is a popular topic for authors. Quite often, the characters are gripped in the turmoil of conflict while hoping for days of p eace to come or reminiscing about the good life before the war. Books such as Gone With the Wind show the before, during, and after of war, while others focus on the time of war itself. Just a few examples include All Quiet on the Western Front, The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, and For Whom the Bell Tolls. Love - The universal truth of love is a very common theme in literature and you will find countless examples of it. They go beyond those sultry romance novels, too. Sometimes, it is even intertwined with other themes. Think of books like Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice or Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights. For a modern example, just look at Stephenie Meyers Twilight series.Heroism - Whether it is false heroism or true heroic acts, you will often find conflicting values in books with this theme. We see it quite often in classical literature from the Greeks, with Homers The Odyssey serving as a perfect example. You can also find it in more recent stories such as The Three Musketeers and The Hobbit.  Good and Evil -  The coexistence of good and evil is another popular theme. It is often found alongside many of these other themes such as war, judgment, and even love. Books such as the Harry Potter and Lord of the Rings series use this as the central theme. Another classic example is T he Lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe. Circle of Life - The notion that life begins with birth and ends with death is nothing new to authors- many incorporate this into the themes of their books. Some may explore immortality such as in The Picture of Dorian Gray. Others, such as Tolstoys The Death of Ivan Ilych, shock a character into realizing that death inevitable. In a story like F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, the circle of life theme is turned completely upside down.Suffering - There is physical suffering and internal suffering and both are popular themes, often intertwined with others. A book such as Fyodor Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment is filled with suffering as well as guilt. One like Charles Dickens Oliver Twist looks more at the physical suffering of impoverished children, though there is plenty of both.  Deception - This theme can also take on many faces. Deception can be physical or social and its all about keeping secrets from others. For instance, we see many lies in The Adven tures of Huckleberry Finn and many of Shakespeares plays are centered on deception at some level. Any mystery novel has some sort of deception as well. Coming of Age - Growing up is not easy, which is why so many books rely on a coming of age theme. This is one in which children or young adults mature through various events and learn valuable life lessons in the process. Books such as The Outsiders and The Catcher in the Rye use this theme very well.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Movie Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Movie Review - Essay Example It is Beauty in whom Yesterday’s hopes rest in seeing the girl break the vicious cycle of poverty and oppression through the opportunities of education. What Khumalo’s character does not realize early on in the film, and that which is the central theme of the film, is that the opportunities gained through education mean much more than a better income. As Yesterday will learn, it means, too, an informed mind, the means by which to confront old customs and traditions that have brought about a healthcare crisis in African and other third world countries by the rampant spread and devastation of AIDS. Khumalo’s character learns that her life will be cut short by the killer disease passed on to her by her husband. It is often the old traditions that continue to enslave people, especially women, on the social front long after freedoms are won on the political front. In the film Yesterday, we see plight of women whose lives are like the road upon which we see Yesterday walk down as she makes the two hour trip to the clinic to receive healthcare. It is a barren stretch of desert where the desolation of the landscape is a reflection of the lives of women enslaved by poverty and old traditions where men still prove their prowess by sexual conquest and performance. Yet there is beauty even in the barren South African landscape. This is contrasted by the beauty of the actresses, Khumalo and Mvelase as they walk together down that same road. The skillful close ups that capture the natural beauty of the two actresses is successful in casting the beauty of life onto the desolation of the landscape. Desolation in the desert, as in poverty, gives way to the beauty of life. However, we know, as seen in the community scenes where the harshness of life is deeply etched in the faces of the women scrubbing their clothes on scrub boards that â€Å"Beauty† without the opportunity of education to rise

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Targeted Messaging Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Targeted Messaging - Essay Example )Based on this assumption, if we analyze the messages of these two magazines, they are more titled towards women prima facie however; underlying themes or objectives of these messages are based on attracting men and playing with their psychology. Studies indicate that media messages flashed across to the target audience help gender related activities to become prominent. A study based on women indicated that women even learn before their marriage, the overall mechanics of the wedding and how this is going to affect them. (Daws, 2009). This clearly indicates that media plays significant role in shaping the personal identity in relation with the messages portrayed regarding gender roles. My own personal identity, if viewed within the perspective of the advertisements and messages depicted in both the magazines, therefore is largely shaped by the way I am portrayed i.e. as the way how my gender is portrayed within these messages. They tend to reinforce my personal identity because it allows me to view myself as a person with diverse range of abilities with strong appeal to attract my opposite sex. Daws, L. , 2009-11-11 "It’s Just One Day: Engaged Women’s Sense-making of Media Messages about Weddings"Â  Paper presented at the annual meeting of the NCA 95th Annual Convention, Chicago Hilton & Towers, Chicago, IL Online . 2010-07-29 from

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Research in the Counseling Profession Essay Example for Free

Research in the Counseling Profession Essay The importance of research lies in the treatment of the client. When counseling treatments are proven and backed by research, this is more effective that using some form of treatment that is new and not backed by research. One of the most prolific things that stands out to me as a student of counseling is the code by which we should all follow and the one thing that we vow never to do and that is â€Å"do no harm†. If we do not research the plan of action that we are to use with our client and to know that this treatment is the proper treatment for the problem or problems presented than the likelihood of doing more damage than good is probable. We must as counselors deliver and disseminate evidence-based treatments for the advance of our profession (Sheperis, Young Daniels, 2010). As the world evolves the language and procedure of the counseling profession also does, therefore it is of great importance to stay on top of the newest research out there. Working in the field of law enforcement for twenty years I have been through many CISD’S. We see that the ongoing use of CISD (Critical Incident Stress Debriefing) is just one design that examination and evidence-based preparation have to find whereas they fit into the counseling profession to better help the counselor work with someone that has seen things that are sometimes unimaginable to them. This is where research keeps the counselor in the mix of things by exploring the new evidence based training and procedures that are out there that show promise this will make the counselor more effective within this population. Scholar Practitioner Model The scholar-practitioner model is often used in reference to the â€Å"Vail model after the 1973 Vail Conference on Professional Training in Psychology† (Vail, 1973). In this model it is the student that learns how to comprehend and relate academic conclusions to the training. The students are thereby trained and instructed to be and take part in research to gain better understanding of the subject material that is presented before them in the clinical setting. â€Å"A counselor is a scholar practitioner. This implies that a counselor is a highly trained profession who uses new knowledge generated through research to positively change his or her clients’ life. In light of this statement, it is important to recognize the role of research in counseling profession. Research can be described as the process through which hypotheses are tested and proved or disapproved through data collection and analysis† (Sheperis, Young Daniels, 2010). What this entails is that it is the process in which through new knowledge passes into the counseling profession. Research gives us an avenue to explore new information in the counseling field and the new information is what makes the counselor more adaptable to the client and their needs. Research in all things can provide a firm foundation in which to back up the practices of the counselor. Conclusion No two clients are the same as no two days are similar. They are ever changing, whereas one treatment might work for one client, whereas another client of theirs presents with like issues, this one treatment may not fit the need or the new client. It is always good to learn as learning is a lifelong process. The more you know the more valuable you are to the client as a counselor.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Similarities Of Two Famous Tales Of Love Essay -- essays research pape

Similarities of Two Famous Tales of Love In one of the most famous love stories of this century, many elements from anotherfamous tale of love were borrowed. In many instances, Westside Story mirrored Shakespeare'sRomeo And Juliet. Many similarities were noted from the characterization to the plot structure.However, they differed as well. In Westside Story, some characters shared personalities with those of Romeo And Juliet.The families of the Capulets and Montagues were well represented by two gangs, the Sharks andthe Jets. Both being ineffective rulers, officer Krumpke and the Prince struggle to keep peace if their cities both to no avail and warned," If you disturb our streets again, your lives shall pay theforfeit of peace."( ) . Due to their differing backgrounds, Tony being affiliated with the Jets and Maria with the Sharks, Tony and Maria partook in forbidden love much like Romeo and Juliet. Much like Tybalt, Bernado disapproved of their love and was quick to fight with anymember of the Jets or Tony. However, Anita, Bernardo's girlfriend, approved of their love because she just wanted to see Maria happy like the Nurse. Overwhelmed by all the fighting, Baby John was much like Tybalt's peace keeping foil character, Mercutio. Lastly, Doc tried to help Tony and stop all the insanity around him like Friar Laurence. In both stories, comic relief occurred to keep the audienc...

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

The Effects of Obsessive Computer Games Playing on Children’s Activities

The effects of obsessive computer games playing on children’s activities. computer games are very popular with children and teenagers because of their extremely entertaining nature. However they are not witout negative effects on their health and developpment. A lot of children, who are attracted by these games, quickly become addicted to them and would spend hours and hours infront of their computers with their eyes glued on the screen and their minds fixed on nothing else. s the game requires sitting and no physical activity children spend increasing amounts of time infront of their computer, which is likely to increase their risk of obesity, backaches , eye and hand injuries, and even heart deseases. Besides, spending a disproportionate amount of time on one leisure activity at the expense of others will cerainly prevent social development. As aresult many children lose touch with their friends and become lonely. ast but not least, in many cases, these games are accused of being responsible for low performance at school since homework is often neglected or undone and many children finally drop out of school. For all these reasons, children should be taught to use computer games safely in order to avoid the types of eye, back, and hand injuries. Besides, parents are advised to control their children's choice of games and to limit the time spent on these games. Finally they should emphasize alternative activities, such as athletics as well as imaginative play so that their children grow up with healthy minds and healthy bodies.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Differences Between Associate Degree Nurse and Baccalaureate Degree Nurse

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ASSOCIATE DEGREE NURSE AND BACCALAUREATE DEGREE NURSE There are several benefits of having a baccalaureate-degree (BSN) over the associate’s degree (ADN). In this essay, I will discuss how effective communication can be further developed when obtaining the BSN. Next, I will talk about how a BSN can create a more highly qualified nursing workforce. Lastly, it will be explained that getting a BSN will create better career and higher education opportunities.EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONâ€Å"Communication is central to human interaction. Without it, people cannot relate to those around them, make their needs and concerns known or make sense of what is happening to them. One of the most basic goals for nursing staff is that their patients and clients and those who care for them experience effective communication†, (Wallis, 2011, p. 35). Effective communication can be further developed by obtaining a BSN and can ultimately lead you to be a better nurse, leader, and professional. Being a nurse of any level, you are communicating important information regarding the patient. If your report is not thorough, you may miss vital pieces of information pertaining to your patients care. It will build a more trusting relationship between your patients, co-workers and supervisors.HIGHLY QUALIFIED NURSING WORKFORCEBSN level nurses will provide a better program than the ADN level nurses with their increase level of critical thinking and using evidence based practice. â€Å"The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), the national voice for baccalaureate and graduate nursing programs, believes that education has a significant impact on the knowledge and competencies of the nurse clinician, as it does for all healthcare providers† (Fact Sheet, 2012, p. 1). The BSN increases knowledge in psychology, science, sociology, and management. The BSN applies the knowledge that they have learned. With the increase of knowledge in management, they will be able to prioritize and organize the workload of the patients.With the increase of science they will have a better understanding of how the body works and use critical care assessments of the patient with evidence based practice. This will improve patient safety and the care of the patient. The BSN nurses will be more educated in the differences in patient’s culture and way of thinking due to  their increase in psychology and sociology. BSN level will have better outcomes for the patient thus leading to lower mortality rates. â€Å"In the October 2012 issue of Medical Care, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania found that surgical patients in Magnet hospitals had 14% lower odds of inpatient death within 30 days, and 12% lower odds of failure-to-rescue compared with patients cared for in non-Magnet hospitals.The study authors conclude that these better outcomes were attributed in large part to investments in highly qualified and educated nurses, including a higher proportion of baccalaureate prepared nurses† (Fact Sheet, 2012, p. 1). As an example of a patient care situation, two men came into the ER with gunshot wounds, one to the leg and the other to the abdomen. The ADN nurse went straight to the man with the abdomen gunshot, not noticing the man with a gunshot wound to the leg was not breathing. The bullet had hit his popliteal artery; therefore he had lost too much blood to survive. The nurse should have done her quick assessment correctly as evidence based practice has shown. This goes to show that using critical care thinking and evidence based theory not only end in better outcomes but also can saves patients lives.HIGHER EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIESA BSN degree is essential if you want to move to a leadership or management role. Leadership skills are essential when you are a charge nurse, on a committee or in administration. A BSN education will provide you with confidence to excel in these settings. â€Å"The nationâ€⠄¢s Magnet hospitals, which are recognized for nursing excellence and superior patient outcomes, have moved to require all nurse managers and nurse leaders to hold a baccalaureate or graduate degree in nursing by 2013. Settings applying for Magnet designation must also show what plans are in place to achieve the IOM recommendation of having an 80% baccalaureate prepared RN workforce by 2020† (Fact Sheet, 2012, p. 3). One more advantage of baccalaureate-degree program is that it is a bridge for master’s degree level.CONCLUSIONBSN level nurses will provide a better program than the ADN level nurses. Critical thinking, communication, and leading are imperative to the nursing career. â€Å"Professionalism, ethical decision making, accountability, critical thinking, and effective communication are emphasized. This is achieved  through the application of liberal arts constructs, science, health and nursing theories, and the values of the Christian faith within the scope of nursing knowledge and evidence-based practice† (Philosophy, p. 1). Education is the key for success and better outcome of patients.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Uncovering the Archaeological Remains of Tipis

Uncovering the Archaeological Remains of Tipis A tipi ring is the archaeological remains of a tipi, a dwelling type constructed by North American Plains people between at least as early as 500 BC up until the early 20th century. When Europeans arrived in the great plains of Canada and the United States in the early 19th century, they found thousands of clusters of stone circles, made of small boulders placed at close intervals. The rings ranged in size between seven to 30 feet or more in diameter, and in some cases were embedded into the sod. The Recognition of Tipi Rings The early European explorers in Montana and Alberta, the Dakotas and Wyoming were well aware of the meaning and use of the stone circles, because they saw them in use. The German explorer Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuweid described a Blackfoot camp at Fort McHenry in 1833; later plains travelers reporting the practice included Joseph Nicollet in Minnesota, Cecil Denny at the Assiniboine camp at Fort Walsh in Saskatchewan, and George Bird Grinnell with the Cheyenne. What these explorers saw was the people of the Plains using stones to weigh down the edges of their tipis. When the camp moved, the tipis were taken down and moved with the camp. The rocks were left behind, resulting in a series of stone circles on the ground: and, because the Plains people left their tipi weights behind, we have one of the few ways that domestic life on the Plains can be archaeologically documented. In addition, the rings themselves had and have meaning to the descendants of the groups which created them, beyond the domestic functions: and history, ethnography, and archaeology together ensures that the rings are a source of cultural richness belied by their plainness. Tipi Ring Meaning To some plains groups, the tipi ring is symbolic of the circle, a core concept of the natural environment, the passage of time, and the gloriously endless view in all directions from the Plains. Tipi camps were also organized in a circle. Among Plains Crow traditions, the word for prehistory is Biiaakashissihipee, translated as when we used stones to weigh down our lodges. A Crow legend tells of a boy named Uuwatisee (Big Metal) who brought metal and wooden tipi stakes to the Crow people. Indeed, stone tipi rings dated later than the 19th century is rare. Scheiber and Finley point out that as such, stone circles act as mnemonic devices linking descendants to their ancestors across space and time. They represent the footprint of the lodge, the conceptual and symbolic home of the Crow people. Chambers and Blood (2010) note that tipi rings typically had a doorway facing east, marked by a break in the circle of stones. According to Canadian Blackfoot tradition, when everyone in the tipi died, the entrance was sewn shut and the stone circle was made complete. That happened all too often during the 1837 smallpox epidemic at the Akà ­Ãƒ ­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢nisskoo or Many Dead Kà ­nai (Blackfoot or Siksikà ­tapiiksi) campsite near present-day Lethbridge, Alberta. Collections of stone circles without door openings such as those at Many Dead are thus memorials of the devastation of epidemics on Siksikà ­tapiiksi people. Dating Tipi Rings Untold numbers of tipi ring sites have been destroyed by Euroamerican settlers moving into the Plains, purposefully or not: however, there are still 4,000 stone circle sites recorded in the state of Wyoming alone. Archaeologically, tipi rings have few artifacts associated with them, although there are generally hearths, which can be used to gather radiocarbon dates. The earliest of the tipis in Wyoming date to the Late Archaic period circa 2500 years ago. Dooley (cited in Schieber and Finley) identified increased numbers of tipi rings in the Wyoming site database between AD 700-1000 and AD 1300-1500. They interpret these higher numbers as representing an increased population, increased use of Wyoming trail system and the migrations of Crow from their Hidatsa homeland along the Missouri River in North Dakota. Recent Archaeological Studies Most archaeological studies of tipi rings are the results of large scale surveys with selected pit testing. One recent example was in the Bighorn Canyon of Wyoming, the historic home of several Plains groups, such as the Crow and Shoshone. Researchers Scheiber and Finley used  hand-held Personal Data Assistants (PDAs)  to input data on tipi rings, part of a developed mapping method combining remote sensing, excavation, hand-drawing, computer-assisted drawing, and Magellan Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment. Scheiber and Finley studied 143 oval tipi rings at eight sites, dated between 300 and 2500 years ago. The rings varied in diameter between 160-854 centimeters along their maximum axes, and 130-790 cm on the minimum, with averages of 577 cm maximum and 522 cm minimum. Tipi studied in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were reported as 14-16 feet in diameter. The average doorway in their  dataset  faced north-east, pointing to the midsummer sunrise. The internal  architecture of the Bighorn Canyon group included fire hearths in 43% of the  tipis; external included stone alignments and  cairns thought to represent meat drying racks. Sources Chambers CM, and Blood NJ. 2009.  Love  they  neighbour: Repatriating precarious Blackfoot sites.  International Journal of Canadian Studies  39-40:253-279. Diehl MW. 1992.  Architecture as a Material Correlate of Mobility Strategies: Some Implications for Archeological Interpretation.  Cross-Cultural Research  26(1-4):1-35. doi: 10.1177/106939719202600101 Janes RR. 1989.  A Comment on Microdebitage Analyses and Cultural Site-Formation Processes among Tipi Dwellers.  American Antiquity  54(4):851-855. doi: 10.2307/280693 Orban N. 2011.  Keeping House: A Home for Saskatchewan First Nations Artifacts.  Ã‚  Halifax, Nova Scotia: Dalhousie University. Scheiber LL, and Finley JB. 2010.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Domestic campsites and cyber landscapes in the Rocky Mountains.  Antiquity  84(323):114-130. Scheiber LL, and Finley JB. 2012.  Situating (Proto) history on the Northwestern Plains and  Rocky Mountains. In: Pauketat TR, editor.  The Oxford Handbook of North American Archaeology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p 347-358. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195380118.013.0029 Seymour DJ. 2012.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Ã¢â‚¬â€¹When Data Speak Back: Resolving Source Conflict in Apache Residential and Fire-Making Behavior.  International Journal of Historical Archaeology  16(4):828-849. doi: 10.1007/s10761-012-0204-z

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Using Italian Suffixes

Using Italian Suffixes Italian nouns (including proper names) and adjectives can take on various shades of meaning by adding different suffixes. Even though it’s likely  you haven’t thought about it, you’re familiar with many  common Italian suffixes. Here are a few you might have heard: Parolaccia - Bad word ( -accia is the suffix.)Benone - Really good ( -one is the suffix.)Ragazzino - Little boy ( -ino is the suffix.) Besides being fun to use, they also help you avoid using words like â€Å"molto - very† or â€Å"tanto - a lot† all the time. In this lesson, I’ll help you expand your vocabulary and creatively describe nouns and adjectives all with learning just six suffixes. 6 Suffixes in Italian To indicate smallness or express affection or endearment, add common suffixes such as 1) -ino/a/i/e Povero (poor guy) → Poverino (little, poor guy)Paese (town) → Paesino (tiny town) E.g. Sono cresciuto in un paesino si chiama Montestigliano. - I grew up in a tiny town called Montestigliano. Attimo (moment) → Attimino (small moment) E.g. Dammi un attimino. - Give me just a small moment. Topo (mouse) → Topolino (little mouse)Pensiero (thought) → Pensierino (little thought) 2) -etto/a/i/e Case (houses) → casette (little houses)Muro (wall) → Muretto (little wall)Borsa (purse) → Borsetta (little purse)Pezzo (piece) → Pezzetto (little piece) E.g. Prendo un pezzetto di margherita. - I’ll take a little piece of the margherita pizza. (To learn how to order pizza in Italian, click here.) 3) -ello/a/i/e Albero (tree) → alberello (small tree)Povero (poor person) → poverello (poor little poor man)Gioco (toy) → giocherello (poor little toy)Bambino (child) → bambinello (poor little child) TIP: Bambinello is also used to represent baby Jesus in nativity scenes. 4) -uccio, -uccia, -ucci, -ucce Maria (Mary) Mariuccia (little Mary)Regalo (gift) → regaluccio (little poor quality gift)Scarpe (shoes) → scarpucce (little poor shoes)Affari (business/affair) → affarucci (small lousy business) To Denote Largeness 5) -one/-ona (singular) and -oni/-one (plural) Libro (book) librone (big book)Lettera (letter) letterona (long letter)Bacio (kiss) → Bacione (big kiss) TIP: You could add â€Å"Un bacione† to the end of emails or say it at the end of phone conversations with friends. Here are some other ways to end messages. Porta (door) → Portone (big door)Ciccio (chubby person) → Ciccione (big, chubby person)Furbo (clever person) → Furbone (very clever person) Convey the Idea of a Bad or Ugly Quality 6)  -accio, -accia, -acci, and -acce Giorno (day) → Giornataccia (bad day)Ragazzo (Boy) → ragazzaccio (bad boy)Figura (impression) → figuraccia (bad impression) E.g. Ho avuto proprio una giornataccia. - I’ve had a really bad day! Tips: When a suffix is added, the final vowel of the word is dropped.Many feminine nouns become masculine when the suffix -one is added: la palla (ball) becomes il pallone (soccer ball), and la porta (door) becomes il portone (street door).

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Economics IB HL Y13 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economics IB HL Y13 - Essay Example The world economy has grown in recent years. International trade has been the motivating force behind it. But with the more recent technological developments as well as reduced trade blockades, growth in trade is definitely on the rise. Developing counties have also stepped on this bandwagon, extracting the best out of their own respective economies through trade internationally as well as locally - within the country. The integration of trade into the world economy has really proved helpful for the developing countries as they can promote economic growth, development as well as poverty reduction within themselves. World trade has been increasing at an average rate of six percent for the last 20 years, which is twice the rate of world output. The integration of the world economy with the help of trade has lifted the living standards of the people within these developing nations, which is a positive sign. Sustained and consistent economic growth requires policies that can open trade and investment with the rest of the world. There is proof to it and it is that there has not been a single nation that has achieved economic stability without being open to the world for trade. International trade requires liberalization, i.e., openness to all and sundry within the world no matter what. The living standards are in direct proportion with them. There is a high need to promote and liberalize the manner in which trade is carried out within the world economy. It needs to be more generous to everyone and anyone as well as helpful for the developing nations so that more and more trade is carried out between the economic world markets. (Macewan, 1989) Agriculture is one such example of being more liberal for the international trade market. Liberalization by both industrial and developing nations is necessary to realize trade’s potential that acts as a driving force for economic growth and development. It is up to the industrial and

Thursday, October 31, 2019

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 9

The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy - Essay Example the United States was in no way susceptible, but it had the task of defending its partners as well as bring to a stop the development of nuclear armaments (Ambrose, 1989). President Nixon had the same ideas and he based his goals in ensuring world peace is maintained. After his election into office, there was an increase from American citizens for American troops to be sent back home from foreign missions. Nixon promised American citizens that he will support American allies with resources but not man power. However, the process was delayed as protests became a daily scene in the streets on the United States. In providing a specific case scenario, the number of American troops who died in Vietnam reached 500, 000 (Dallek, 2007). This made citizens even more irritated by Nixon’s regime. Nixon however, launched vietnamisation which was a strategy to pull out American troops in the region, help build a Vietnamese military squad and provide them with weapons and financial resources. He succeeded in this particular quest as he was applauded for successfully ensuring peace in Vietnam and getting American troops back home. Nixon took over American during a time when the nations had a lot of enemies in terms of diplomatic relations. However, the nations also had significant allies Nixon was keen to retain (Ambrose, 1989). On many occasions involving warfare, Nixon was forced to use diplomatic efforts to be able to come up with lasting solutions. For instance, during the invasion of Arab countries in Israel, Nixon realized the significance of having good diplomatic relationships with the Arab countries (Dallek, 2007). Nixon was able to negotiate with Egypt and he convinced them to pull out in the war against Israel. Additionally, Nixon also used diplomatic efforts to solve the China-Pakistan war. In this occasion, Pakistan is an American ally and China a great ally to the Soviet. According to Parmet (1990) the diplomatic relationship between the Soviet and the United

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Gender and Sex in an African Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gender and Sex in an African Society - Essay Example The invention of women demonstrates, on the contrary, that gender was not constructed in the old society of Yoruba, and that organizations in the society were determined by relative age. A meticulous epistemological and historical account of an African culture embracing its own terms, this book makes an argument that is persuasive based on the culturally dependent context that interprets social reality. It calls for a gender discourse preconception and categories on which such studies can rely. Moreover, the book bares the hidden assumptions in thoughts of different cultures. It is a truly comparative sociology of the Western tradition and African culture that will change the way gender and African studies proceed.  Oyewumi's analysis advances greatly into the postcolonial mapping of the European distinction that has been developing in the recent decades. It traces how Western visual privileging insures that biological determinism and social constructivism cannot be mutually exclus ive in cultures of the West. Gender categories were one kind of new tradition that European colonialists institutionalized in many African cultures including the Yoruba culture. Contemporary Western feminism has continued to extend their empire. Oyewumi enables the reader to envision what is hard to imagine within Western feminism world after gender. The book makes a huge contribution to not only feminism and African studies but also to philosophy, social theory and sociology in general. In Male daughters and female husbands.

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Sexuality In North By Northwest

Sexuality In North By Northwest While the Cold War conjured diverse anxieties, I will center my presentation on the idea of Domestic Containment, specifically the containment of homosexuality in America (Cohan). I came across this concept in Elaine Tyler Mays Homeward Bound. It deals with the political and ideological reasons 1950s America insisted on promoting rigid heterosexuality and capitalist drives, ridding itself of backward men and Communist traitors, something completely in line with Hitchcocks mission in the film Moreover, by invoking the homophobic categories of Cold War political discourse, in particular the construction of the homosexual as a national security risk, N by NW virtually guaranteed that gender and nationality functioned as mutually reinforcing categories of identity. In this presentation, I will discuss sexuality as related to ideas of nation-hood and argue that there is a mini cold war being waged in North by Northwest, one that deals specifically with advancing the American heterosexual couple over the Soviet homosexual one coded throughout the film. With the American, heterosexual couples triumph on screen comes an ideological victory for America in 1959. SLIDE Before I analyze clips and stills from North By Northwest that deal with currents of sexuality and nationality, I wanted to show this clip from the latter half of the film to show that Hitchcock makes it abundantly clear that we are supposed to read North by Northwest as a Cold War film concerned with sexuality. CLICK!!! I want you to take away from this clip the obvious language of the cold war as well as how sexuality or bedding down is wrapped up in this international struggle. In this way, North by Northwest presents in biting form America immersed in Cold War ambiguity in which people on both sides were served up as sacrificial lambs. N by NW was made and released during the latter phase of the second term of President Dwight D. Eisenhower, a time when the Cold War was in full force, with the US and rival Soviet Union utilizing the most sophisticated spy techniques. This new kind of war required constant vigilance and readiness to fight on a moments notice. The Cold War lasted longer than any other war in our countrys history, starting when the United States introduced nuclear terror to the world by dropping its first atomic bomb on Japan on August 6, 1945, and lasting into our lifetime with the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Although the Cold War shaped and distorted virtually every aspect of American life, perhaps more than anything else, nuclear weapons changed the world. With them, an element of vulnerability existed unlike anything in history. Nuclear threat escalated during the 1950s, the decade were concerned with today. In August 1949 the Soviets had their first successful nuclear bomb test. Both the US and the Soviet Union held hydrogen bomb tests in 1952 and 53 and in October 1957 the Soviets launched Sputnik. Americas nuclear buildup, global mobilization, and interventionism during the Cold War were justified in the name of stopping Soviet communism, a foe policymakers deemed so diabolical that its defeat warranted the risk of destroying civilization itself. The fact that the Soviet Union was not just a military, economic, and geopolitical but an ideological foe, posed a unique kind of challenge to a resolutely capitalistic nation. This ideological antagonism between socialism and capitalism polarized the world along new lines. And it is against this backdrop that Hitchcock gave birth to his suspense thriller North by Northwest. SLIDE Certain historical trends and demographics are crucial to understand before analyzing the films comments on sexuality. During the late 1940s and throughout the 1950s, an amazing rise in the birth rate, a declining age of marriage, a growth in the marriage rate, and low divorce rate all converged in the midst of the most intense years of nuclear fear and ideological and surrogate warfare. Since family formation and fertility respond to both positive and negative economic and cultural stimuli, it is not surprising that this era of comparatively good times brought increased marriage and fertility. At the same time, however, increased sexual activity at younger and younger ages, especially for women in the late 1950s and beyond, problematically, included increasing instances of pre-marital sex Thus the history of sexuality in postwar America is the story of increasing liberalization Men, too, participated. The rebellion of men against marriage and the increasingly permissive fantasy life associated with the playboy lifestyle of the late 1950s, appears to be the kind of life our protagonist and hero, Cary Grants character Roger Thornhill, ascribes to. And, in terms of female rebellion, perhaps even more dismantling is the sexual promiscuity of Eve Kendall, played by Eva Marie Saint. Thornhill is typed as a womanizer, with two failed marriages to boast of, and Eve, as if completely aware of the expectations of her 1950s culture, introduces herself to Thornhill curtly stating that shes 26 and unmarried, and thats all he needs to know. SLIDE Examining domestic containment in relation to national identity has multiple advantages. It allows us to see that what we have heretofore regarded as a unique Cold War phenomenon was in fact part of the larger, ongoing process of defining America. The very meaning of America had become greatly problematized in the 1950s. Perhaps this instability of American identity is why Hitchcock constantly reasserted distinctly American values and American locations throughout North by Northwest, on screen are just a few of the most memorable sites Hitchcock takes us. AD-LIB I will present many facets of North by Northwest that deal specifically with America and American life in order to further ground the containment of homosexuality as a Cold War strategy in the film. I first want to discuss the opening credits of the film. Understanding Hitchcocks brilliant beginning gives us-the viewers and our class today-a lens through which to understand Hitchcocks understanding of Cold War America, homophobia, heterosexuality and communism. SLIDE Designed by American graphic designer and Academy award winning filmmaker Saul Bass, the credits provide a kind of map meant to locate or orient the spectator. A series of intersecting lines, clearly intended to invoke a map or graph, traverse a blank screen placed at an angle to the camera. They eventually dissolve into a shot of an office building whose glass and steel faà §ade reflects the moving traffic on the busy street below. The mirror like surface of the faà §ade that emerges from the intersecting lines functions as a screen on which the images of the busy street below are not so much reflected as projected. Consequently, according to Robert Corber in his book In the Name of National Security: Hitchcock, Homophobia, and the Political Construction of Gender the opening titles seem to suggest that, as a semiotic practice, the film has the ability to organize and define reality, to construct a map of it that fixes its meaning for the spectator. In this way, they call attention to the artificiality or constructed-ness of the films representation of reality. It provides the spectator with coordinates that enable him/her to locate and define his/her position in the world and thereby make sense of it-a concept integral to audience reception that we have discussed at length this semester, and that I will touch on in greater depth shortly. By beginning in this way, according to Corber, the film demonstrates its ability to conjure reality, to construct a representation of the world that the spectator does not question but assumes accurately reflects contemporary society b/c of its perceptual intensity or so-called impression of reality à   thus, from the beginning, we are meant to assume that Hitchcock s representation of America in 1959 is how it really was. Another important element of the films beginning is that our protagonist Roger Thornhill appears as if plucked from the crowd at random, as he is initially shown emerging from an elevator jammed with office workers. He is completely typical of New Yorks crowded people, lacking direction. Indeed, purely by accident, he is kidnapped shortly after he arrives at the hotel by two of Vandamms men, who mistake him for the fictitious American agent George Kaplan. Thus, Hitchcock makes us think that anyone of us, too, could have been sucked into this crazy plot. One other interesting thing to glean from the title sequence is that it alludes to the traps in which the protagonists find themselves throughout the film as well as frames the films trajectory This grid recurs throughout the film, in railway cars, deserted prairie crossroads, and national monuments. From the very beginning, moreover, I want you to note that the film is an exploration of Cold War AMERICA, as seen in the vertical top shots of the Madison Avenue skyscraper, UN headquarters and Mount Rushmore and the horizontal shots of the railway car and of the empty Midwestern plane I will now show a hilarious trailer for North by Northwest from 1959, which gives a brief but comprehensive geographical tour of Hitchcocks locations, which I wont have time to flesh out on my own in this presentation, but are extremely important. SHOW TRAILER HERE! SLIDE Having recently discussed how the opening credits situate and control the spectators view of the film, and, by extension, portray the Cold War climate according to Hitchcocks construction, I want to specifically link this form of control with the viewers sexual identification. Hitchcocks films contributed indirectly to the pathologizing of same-sex eroticism by suggesting that in order for the individual to achieve a relatively stable heterosexual identity she/he had to successfully negotiate the Oedipus complex Because Hitchcocks films occupied the subject position, the spectator became complicit with her/his own Oedipalization, which, in the 1950s, was tantamount to accepting the terms of the postwar settlement. By examining N by NW in the context of the postwar settlement, I want show to that Hitchcocks films participated in a regime of pleasure that helped to consolidate the emergence of the national security state. His representational practices were complicit with the dominant construction of social reality during the Cold War era. Hitchcocks tendency to subjectivize the individual spectators experience constitutes one of the principal links b/w his films and the anti-Stalinist project of American Cold War officials. Thus, in N by NW, Hitchcock demonstrated how the discourses of national security produced fantasies that brought the individual spectators desire into alignment with the nations security interests. SLIDE Now I will move into the meat of my presentation: the politicization of sexuality. The Cold War persuaded millions of Americans to interpret their world in terms of insidious enemies who threatened them with nuclear and other forms of annihilation. McCarthyism contributed heavily to viewing the world through this dark, distorting lens and setting global and domestic policies to counter these threats. According to the Federal Government, if homosexuals felt alienated from mainstream American society, that was b/c they were maladjusted, their problems were not political but personal and were best remedied in a doctors office. On the other hand, however, the dominant discourse of same sex eroticism tried to show that homosexuality promoted communism and therefore politicized gay identities. The gay community, which had emerged with new cohesion and visibility in the wake of World War II, found itself a prime target for anticommunist crusaders. It was believed that they were especially vulnerable to blackmail by Soviet agents eager to recruit intelligence sources As a result, the early 1950s witnessed widespread purging of homosexuals from the State Department, the military, and other federal agencies. However, more than just a greater risk of blackmail was involved. Homosexuals were seen as deficient in character, moral integrity, and real masculinity. Unfit as Cold Warriors, they were thus undesirable citizens. This stigmatization, as historian John DEmilio points out in his study of Cold War sexual politics, was carried still further by conservative politicians who linked homosexuality directly to communism, re-conceptualizing homosexuality as a contagious disease spread by communists to weaken the nation from within. A single homosexual, officials maintained, could easily contaminate an entire government office. The oppression of homosexuals at all levels became yet another act of containment in the fight against communism. Homosexuals, further, were seen as especially dangerous to the extent that a gay male character was virtually indistinguishable from straight male ones, thereby demonstrating that homosexuals, like communists, could dangerously escape detection. During its highly publicized hearings in the 1940s and early 1950s, the House UnAmerican Activities Committee did not limit its investigation to the Communists who had supposedly infiltrated the federal Government, but extended it to include homosexuals who passed as heterosexual. On the basis of testimony from psychiatrists and other medical experts who testified that they were susceptible to blackmail by Soviet agents b/c they were emotionally unstable, thus officially pinning homosexuals as national-security risks. The publication of the Kinsey reports on male and female sexual behavior, in 1948 and 53 respectively, only reinforced the politicization of homosexuality. The reports provided scientific evidence suggesting that sexual identities were fluid and unstable rather than exclusively and permanently heterosexual or homosexual. In recognizing the fluidity of sexuality, hindering the attempts of gays to define themselves as members of an oppressed minority The pervasive allusions to homosexuality in North by Northwest enables me to stress the centrality of the politicization of same-sex eroticism to post-war American culture and to show that containment of homosexuality was necessary to conditions of the Cold War. Thus, North by Northwest epitomizes this tight bond between sexuality and national security in the Cold War era. SLIDE Now I will begin my analysis of sexuality in the film with what I call a montage of references to homosexuality. When looking at these stills from the movie, keep in mind how Cary Grant, our dashing American protagonist, too, can be wrapped up with homosexuality, speaking to the pervasiveness and dangers of homosexuality infiltrating American lives. SLIDE The films drama basically begins with Roger Thornhill going to an all-mens bar in the Plaza Hotel. Although he has a date for that evening, it is with his mother no less, a problem I will discuss shortly! SLIDE The theme of the kidnapping of the hero, Thornhill, by two sinister men, with the hero often seated in a car, tightly between them, recurs throughout the film in myriad forms. Pictured above are just a few examples that represent this theme of Thornhills encounters with homosexuality. CLICK FOUR TIMES. SLIDE Now we arrive at the Villain Phillip Vandamms home who is played by George Mason. I want you to keep this seemingly benign image on screen in mind throughout the remainder of my presentation. While no scholar has mentioned the significance of the cars pulling into Vandamms gate, I think this action is importantly mirrored in the iconic ending of the film that I will show later. For now, however, just keep in mind that a car driven by a man and with our protagonist squished tightly b/w two other men in the backseat, penetrates the gate to a Soviet home. SLIDE Vandamm, the lead villain, unsurprisingly is connected with homosexuality. His masculinity should be suspect because of his relationship with his sadistic, overtly homosexual associate, Leonard, played by Martin Landau, who Hitchcock notes in the screenplay should be read as gay. The slide above features Leonard, with the help of two male henchmen, forcing the neck of a liquor bottle between Thornhills lips, making him drink its full contents-an obviously phallic reference of homosexual rape SLIDE As I noted a few minutes ago, a central facet of the politicization of sexuality in the 1950s, came with associating homosexuality with communism. While Hitchcock doesnt specifically mention the country of origin of the foreigners in the film, he locates Vandamms home importantly in Glen Cove, New York. This location directly implies that Vandamm and his associates are from the Soviet Union, who at the time had a mission in that town on northern Long Island. This fact sheds particular light on the stills of homosexuality I am showing, as they are directly linked with communism. Further, later in the film, the Professor describes Vandamm as an importer exporter of government secrets, thereby coding him as a Soviet agent involved in the Cold War. SLIDE Before I move on to show and discuss the famous crop-dusting scene-the scene I regard as the most compelling, and famous, visual representation of the threat of homosexuality to our protagonist-I must first discuss another aspect of Thornhills unsuitable sexuality: his unhealthy relationship with his mother. In order to Contain Thornhill and set him on the proper sexual path, his relationship with his mother needs to severely change. The basic mother-son story line goes as follows: the film opens with an ageless male, Thornhill, identifying himself first of all as a son. He speaks of his efforts to keep the smell of liquor on his breath from the watchful nose of his mother, and he comes to the attention of his enemies because of an unresolved anxiety about getting a message to his mother, whereupon he is taken captive. (Cavell) Hitchcock suggests that Thornhills involvement in the Communist underworld, an underworld marked by sexual as well as political deviance, is not purely coincidental but is indirectly related to his devotion to his mother. The film tries to show that b/c he has failed to internalize the Law of the Father and remains emotionally dependent on his mother, there is a sense in which his irresponsible behavior is complicit with the Communist infiltration of the American government. The discourses that linked communism and homosexuality actually warned against the potentially pernicious effects of motherhood specifically and point to a reaction against the emergence of the feminine mystique of the 1950s. On the one hand, as we have seen throughout seminar, post-war American culture experienced a proliferation of glorified representations of motherhood designed to lure women back into the home following the war. On the other hand, many Americans resented the glorification of motherhood b/c it gave women supposedly too much power in the domestic sphere. With the outbreak of the Cold War, Mom-ism too became linked to the spread of communism and led to the creation of a demonology of motherhood. Suddenly, mothers risked making their sons susceptible to Communist propaganda. The discourses of mom-ism limited womens empowerment in the domestic sphere and ensured that their child-rearing practices conformed to the nations security interests. For, if women disregarded the expert advice of psychiatrists and other trained professionals, they risked producing children who were Communists as well as homosexuals. In N by NW this aspect of the demonization of motherhood is obvious in Thornhills relationship with his mother. Thornhills sexual immaturity thus is incompatible with the nations security interest. In the postwar period, the nations political stability and economic prosperity were thought to depend upon the production of subjects who had internalized the rules and regulations governing Oedipal desire. Thus Thornhill was not so different from the films Communists and homosexuals. ADLIB-mom younger than Grant, problematic. SLIDE To close this section on homosexuality, I want to look at the famous scene where Thornhill is attacked by a crop-dusting plane. This iconic sequence of events is both the central image of Thornhills victimization and surprisingly, or unsurprisingly as my presentation is attempting to prove, a powerful instance of homosexual attack. The night before this scene takes place Thornhill and Eve violate a taboo. We know that Thornhill spent the night with Eve, boldly and obviously suggesting pre-marital intercourse. I understand the attack Im about to show, which once again occurs the very next day, to be a powerful visualization of punishment for intercourse CLICK SHOW CLIP!!! CLICK AFTER! The linkage of this scene with sexuality is evident in Hitchcocks filming. The association of the prairie with the sexual landscape of the train compartment where Thornhill and Eve had sex the night before is signaled by his camera shots. Right before the clip I just showed, a close-up of Eves face at the train station dissolved into an aerial shot of the road and fields of the plane attack, explicitly linking these scenes. This shot transition begs for an allegorical identification of the woman and this stretch of land, the very land where Thornhill undergoes his attack. To discuss this scene I will rely on the analysis of Theodore Price from his book Hitchcock and Homosexuality. He notes that firstly, we must note the phallic symbolism associated with birds and of flying objects in general. According to Price, aside from the birds shape, and its darting, pecking beak, a bird is, to everyones unconscious, a phallic symbol because it flies. Flying also is a symbol for getting an erection, for potency, and for sexual intercourse in general according to Ernest Jones. Thus, in a way, the crop-dusting plane scene can conjure undertones of homosexual rape from above. There are several meanings that arise when looking at this scene from this angle. 1) This scene could represent a fear on the part of Thornhill of homosexual rape-and/or fear in his strange attraction to homosexual rape. This connection is clear especially when considering the homosexual rape still I showed earlier of Leonard forcing liquor down Thornhills mouth. The phallic bird-plane then may be interpreted as Grants fear of his former attraction to homosexuality as he starts out on still another new love affair with a woman. 2) The plane could also stand for the avenging phallus of the father figure in the film, here Vandamm, who is understandably angry at the son figure, Thornhill, for making time with the mother figure, Eve. 3) Additionally, the sequence could mean that the plane represents the Castrator, Eve, who set him up in the cornfield to begin with. For, from the psychoanalytic view, birds can be woman or vagina symbols too. SLIDE Regardless of which way we read this scene, a powerful avenging phallus, sent by Communists, launches its bullets-take this fact as an allusion to ejaculation-at our male hero. Luckily for Thornhill, he finds safety in the cornfields of America-which, in my opinion, represents finding protection from this Communist phallus in the heartland of America. SLIDE Having catalogued countless instances of the presence and associated dangers of homosexuality in the film, I now need to show how these dangers were contained by the insistence on heterosexual couple. To do so, I will use Mays analysis of 1950s Domesticity in Homeward bound. In this work, May linked the exaggerated domesticity that characterized the long fifties-from 1945-1965-that weve discussed at length in seminar to homosexuality and anticommunist imperatives. May readily acknowledged the extraordinary stresses placed upon the American family by the Great Depression and World War II. Postwar Americans, finding additional threats to traditional family life in rising rates of out-of-wedlock pregnancy and sexual promiscuity, as I discussed before, juvenile delinquency, as Willi discussed two weeks ago, and the ultimate threat of nuclear war, Americans understandably sought normalcy in marital sex, pro-natalism, and suburban domesticity during this time. Further, just as anticommunism required the containment of Sino-Soviet expansion abroad, so, too, May argued, gender revolution and deviant expression of sexual desire had to be effectively contained at home, hence domestic containment. Promotion of family values, policymakers believed, would ensure not only a place for men to return to the workforce, but also the stable family life necessary for personal and national security, a kind of Cold War victory on the domestic front. Hitchcock too received the memo, as he promoted the heterosexual couple throughout the film. Hitchcock, by associating homosexuality with the soviets coded as communists, both comments on its pervasiveness of both groups in America at that time and establishes it as the inferior sexual bond that must be checked and contained by the heterosexual couple. Thus, no mere exercise in nostalgia, domestic containment was part of a new Cold War consensus about the meaning of America and deeply embedded in the plot of North by Northwest. Now Im going to show you a series of slides that blatantly show the heterosexual couple of Thornhill and Eve. CLICK AND ADLIB SLIDE When contextualized within the domestic politics of marriage during the cold war, heterosexuality and Re-Marriage take on great importance. We come to see that Thornhill and Eves adventures throughout the film serve as trials for their suitability to get married. Eve is sexually immature before she becomes an agent for the American government, according to the terms of the postwar settlement. Although she is partially redeemed by acting as an American agent-showing her willingness to perform her patriotic duty-she nevertheless continues to occupy a position outside the law. This is so because to perform her patriotic duty she must violate the rules that govern female sexuality in the 1950s, making her only partly rehabilitated. She is a treacherous little tramp and uses sex like a fly swatter according to the movie so she remains a marked woman throughout. However, when Thornhill rescues her from Vandamm, he enables her to do something genuinely worthwhile for the nation: become a proper wife and mother The relationship b/w gender and nationality suggests that Thornhills activities as an American agent also need to be reconstructed according to the post-war settlement. His activities as an American agent create a scenario that puts an end to his womanizing. Thornhills mix-up within the CIAs efforts to combat communism actually increases his desire for marriage and domesticity. To Thornhill, the domestic sphere not only provides a refuge from the government which has recklessly endangered his and eves lives, but also constantly restages his pre-Oedipal attachment to his mother. In this way, his espionage activities ensure that the organization of sexuality and his identity as a citizen are mutually reinforcing. Thus, Hitchcock stresses the ability of the American government to regulate and control the construction of the individuals subjectivity-as it is only once he is involved in its activities that he is redeemed. According to the discourses of national security then, Thornhills resistance to his role as a husband is un-American, and his activities as an American reorganize him as a proper citizen. This scene shows how the series of events that have unfolded have transformed both protagonists views of marriage, and suggest that re-marriage in the name of national security is on the horizon. CLICK SHOW CLIP As you just saw Thornhill uses the loaded word proposal that explicitly suggests marriage. Also, they discuss his former failed marriages, alerting the viewer that we are dealing with re-marriage here. Also, Cary Grants sly wit about leading too dull a life suggests that as a result of his involvement in matters of state, he has achieved a level of excitement suitable for marriage and can now enter into a proper relationship. SLIDE I want to show you a series of images and a clip from the end of the film that pit homosexuality explicitly against heterosexuality. With their placement at the end of the film they attain great significance, suggesting that the winner of this sexual battle is the victor in a mini cold war. In addition, I show images with men and women, homosexuals and heterosexuals, in these clips, to show both strains of sexuality at odds within a single frame. SLIDE Before I show these stills and clips, I need to discuss the importance of the Vandamm house itself, where the majority of these clips take place. Situated in a fictitious forested plateau atop the Mount Rushmore, Vandamms house dominates a devotional shrine of American democracy-its positioning alone reveals how even Americas most iconic monuments are endangered by Soviet penetration. Further, the houses Midwestern location-in the Black Hills region, near Keystone, South Dakota, is also important. The move toward the west, evoked by the films title, brings the protagonists to the American heartland, the spine of the continent. Additionally, the houses placement atop a mountain has wider implications. It expresses visual domination and panoptic control. The fact that blatant homosexuality pervades a site that serves simultaneously as a great threat to an iconic American monument and exerts intense control, suggests how dangerous the threats of homosexuality and communism have at once become at the end of the film. CLICK THROUGH CLIPS and ad-lib CLICK, SHOW CLIP! In this clip, we see Leonard using phrases like his womans intuition aligning himself with homosexuality, or femininity at the least and Vandamm noting that hes touched by jealousy. SLIDE Now I would like to move into the final phase of my discussion: a comprehensive discussion of Mount Rushmore, and the battle between the US and Soviet Union that occurs atop its democratic faces. First and foremost, we must understand Mount Rushmore to be a place so definitely and undeniably American. Using a carved rock containing the gigantic granite portraits of George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln as a backdrop, Hitchcock suggests that what happens there is of NATIONAL IMPORTANCE. After a few savvy moves, Thornhill and Eve leave Vandamms house and find themselves atop monument being chased by Vandamm, Leonard and their henchmen.